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First Corinthians (The Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries), by Joseph A. Fitzmyer
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This new translation of First Corinthians includes an introduction and extensive commentary that has been composed to explain the religious meaning of this Pauline epistle. Joseph Fitzmyer discusses all the usual introductory problems associated with the epistle, including issues of its authorship, time of composition, and purpose, and he also presents a complete outline.
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The author analyzes the epistle, pericope by pericope, discussing the meaning of each one in a comment and explaining details in the notes. The book supplies a bibliography on the various passages and problems for readers who wish to investigate further, and useful indexes complete the volume.�First Corinthians will be of interest to general readers who wish to learn more about the Pauline letters, and also to pastors, college and university teachers, graduate students studying the Bible, and professors of Biblical studies.
- Sales Rank: #439657 in Books
- Published on: 2008-09-03
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.25" h x 1.88" w x 6.13" l, 2.44 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 688 pages
Review
"This is a measured, erudite work with all the hallmarks of a seasoned scholar drawing upon a lifetime of research and writing." —Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society (Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society)
"This noteworthy addition to the Anchor Yale Bible Commentaries is destined to join the elite of scholarly commentaries on I Corinthians.��It provides thorough analysis and well-researched, careful examination of virtually all issues.� The entire work reflects the author's wide-ranging knowledge of classical, biblical, extrabiblical, and scholarly literature." —Roger Mohrlang, Theology Today (Roger Mohrlang Theology Today)
"This commentary will take its place as perhaps one of the best historical and literary works on 1 Corinthians and a worthy companion to the Anchor Bible commentary on 2 Corinthians."—Wendell Willis, Restoration Quarterly (Wendell Willis Restoration Quarterly)
About the Author
Joseph A. Fitzmyer is a Jesuit priest and professor emeritus, Biblical Studies, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC. He has edited and published numerous books on the New Testament, ancient Aramaic, and the Dead Sea Scrolls, and he has served as president of the Society of Biblical Literature, the Catholic Biblical Association, and the Society for New Testament Study. He lives in Washington, DC.
Most helpful customer reviews
17 of 20 people found the following review helpful.
Worth Adding To Pastoral Libraries For Preaching From 1 Corinthians
By David A. Bielby
This commentary is among some of my best ones for 1 Corinthians. It has a number of strengths and some weaknesses in my view which I will try to summarize in this review. My bottom line is that I think it's a helpful tool for aiding Pastors and Bible Teachers/Students in their pursuit of the meaning of the text. It does not attempt to bring out strong application concepts, nor does it delve into theological implications or debates surrounding key terms in the text.
Let me describe the book in general before I illustrate what I mean.
The author gives us 600+ pages of material on the 16 chapters of Paul's first letter to the Corinthians. His seventy page introduction is longer than many introductions in other commentaries, and has one feature that I particularly enjoy: His final feature in the introduction (the one I like the best) is called Pauline Teaching in First Corinthians (some people-including myself-would say that all of First Corinthians is Paul's teaching). What this section of the introduction contains is a mini version of theological emphasis in First Corinthians. He brings out more elements than Gordon Fee's NICNT The First Epistle to the Corinthians (The New International Commentary on the New Testament) or David Garland's Baker ECNT on 1 Corinthians 1 Corinthians (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament)(both fine commentaries). The categories include the emphasis of Christology, Theology Proper, Pneumatology, Ecclesiology, Anthropology and Eschatology. It's surprising to me that a Catholic scholar would emphasize with a special point the Pneumatology of 1 Corinthians and a formerly Pentecostal scholar like Fee would omit this. But that's the very situation we have here. I suppose one can point to Fee's "God's Empowering Presence" God's Empowering Presence: The Holy Spirit in the Letters of Paul rather massive volume as compensation for this point, still I would like to have seen a helpful summary in Fee as we have here in Fitzmyer. Essentially he contrasts extra-biblical Greek useage of pneuma with NT use and says Paul here is using a meaning that parallels the Hebrew ruach. He defines the Spirit here as a manifestation of God's presence. His short article (two pages only) is enlightening, helpful and a great snippet in the middle of a very good commentary. These are the things that I look for in commentaries.
Each section of scripture has a translation, a summary, commentary, notes and special bibliography (there is a general bibliography in the beginning of the book that has everything).
When it comes to controversial issues, Fitzmyer tends to identify the controversy, dispatch the weaker views or overlook them, and focus on the key possibilities without spending a lot of time on them. He will give citations refuting or agreeing with major authors, alerting the reader to what he believes are pitfalls or strengths in arguments from other scholars and then get right to the meaning he believes the text carries. This can be very helpful.
For example: On 1 Corinthians 13 he talks about Agape extensively with a summary of Greek use of four major terms for love, (he doesn't delve into other terms found in lexicons as if they are not there-I don't know why, but then I'm not a scholar-but I can easily see there are other terms for love just by looking it up in Louw and Nida's Semantical Domain Lexicon). Anyhow, he deals with the meaning of controversial terms like the 'perfect' in 1 Corinthians 13:10 much to the chagrin of fundamentalists and other cessationists, he dispatches of their cherished view by stating the idea that the 'perfect' means the completion of the cannon is completely alien to the context of 1 Corinthians 13. He then goes on to discuss the possibility that it could mean maturity but settles on the idea that it is the coming Eschaton at Christ's return. I think every major commentary I have agrees with this point. He summarizes it fairly well, but I like Gordon Fee's summary of this point much better. I don't know if Fitzmyer has added anything new to the discussion on this point. He spends only one half of one page on the issue, not enough in my opinion.
He tends to overlook Jewish Intertestamental uses, First Century AD Jewish Greek use of terms, and Apostolic Greek Fathers (of special note are first and second century Fathers whose use of Pauline terms should be wrestled with more than Bultmann or Barth in my opinion). He instead wrestles with the views of a wide array of scholars from the 19th and 20th and now 21st Century. So I was quite surprised to find 1 Clement dealing with Agape and Teleios (love and the perfect) together in a passage. I was stunned that none of my commentaries discuss that...especially since Clement ties it to the coming of Christ at the end of the age!!!
So unlike some wonderful commentaries I have on other NT letters (like Gene Green's commentary on 2 Peter Jude and 2 Peter (Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament)) this one does NOT adequately grapple with highly relevant ancient literature that Pastors and other Bible teachers can fairly quickly reference with todays sophisticated professional Bible exegetical software like Bibleworks 8.0
I think the lack of application or inspirational points in this commentary (there is no spiritual fire like commentaries of old) and the shorter dealing with what have been major debates among Bible believing Christians, and the lack of breadth in citing Jewish Greek literature from 200 BC through 200 AD are three key weaknesses in this commentary that cause me to mark it down to a four star (it's better than a three star).
Having said that, the commentary he gives is salient, clear and easy to read for the most part and a worthy addition to any pastoral library on the New Testament. I highly recommend this commentary for your use.
I would not agree with one reviewer who said...if you can only have one commentary on 1 Corinthians, this is the one. I'm not sure it displaces Garland or Fee in value to the preaching pastor. Yet it's in my top five, that's for sure! I hope it blesses you as much as I've been blessed by it!
14 of 14 people found the following review helpful.
Classic Fitzmyer- Another Solid Contribution
By danny
This review originally appeared at [...] on 3/3/0/09.
Special thanks to Robert of Yale University Press for a review copy of this book.
Joseph Fitzmyer has long been one of the most well known Roman Catholic Bible scholars, writing on subjects ranging from the Dead Sea Scrolls to a few highly regarded commentaries in the Anchor Series (Luke, Acts, Romans, and Philemon). Added to these commentaries is his latest work, a commentary on 1 Corinthians. I'm not sure how long he's been writing books, but according to his Wikipedia page he was ordained in 1938!
Fitzmyer's strength is detailed exegesis- lexical analysis, grammatical discussions, historical concerns, etc. This doesn't make for the most exciting commentary, but the fact remains that few scholars can write a genuinely engaging commentary. His attention to detail, especially of the Greek text, gives him some unique insight into some of the rhetorical devices used by Paul. As far as the content of 1 Corinthians, I'll give a quick rundown of some of Fitzmyer's insights:
On the divisions within the Corinthian church mentioned in chapters 1-4 (p52)- "Paul's initial preaching of that gospel in Roman Corinth resulted in his making a considerable number of converts there. When other preachers came, such as Apollos and perhaps Cephas, the original Corinthian Christians heard the same gospel preached in other forms, which seems to have distracted them gradually from the nucleus of the gospel message. So Paul is concerned to recall them to that fundamental message of the cross and of the risen Christ, and of the role of his Spirit in their lives."
The lawsuits of 6:1-11 are not referring to specific cases Paul has in mind (p248), though Fitzmyer does not really offer another view for why Paul has to write this section. Paul's strong words against homosexual activities in 6:10 do not refer simply abuses in homosexual relationships, but any form of same sex relationships (p256-258). He also includes a short but helpful discussion of slavery and the Christian life in chapter 7, which isn't surprising given his previous commentary on Philemon (p306).
Chapters 8-10 shows "that Paul seeks to persuade those who possess knowledge to adopt his policy of not using their very `right' to consume such idol meat even in temple banquets" (p332). Regarding the passage about women covering their heads in chapter 11, Fitzmyer encourages the reader to keep in mind that Paul is only talking about the community gathering in worship, not addressing concerns about "the inferiority of women, women's ministry, the role of women in the church, or even about the ordination of women" (p405-407). The head covering is a veil, not a woman's hair. In his discussion about the Lord's Supper Fitzmyer may make some Protestants uncomfortable with his use of the term "Real Presence." He also includes a helpful discussion of the historical evidence for Jesus celebrating the Last Supper with his disciples and how Paul's discussion in chapter 11 fits with that event (p430).
In chapters 12-14 "Paul is reacting against some Corinthian Christians who are vaunting one gift over another (especially speaking in tongues as the main gift of the Spirit), and in order to counteract that, he is seeking to put all pneumatika, `spiritual things,' especially the endowments of the Spirit, in a proper perspective" (p454). As for specific questions some might have in these chapters: "`prophecy' has to be understood as a Spirit-inspired dynamic and effective preaching of the Scriptures and the gospel" (p467; on 12:10, also noting 14:1, 3-6, 24, 29, 31). Discerning of spirits (12:10) is not about interpreting prophecy, rather "is a term for evaluation" (p468). "The perfect" of 13:10 has nothing to do with the completion of the canon, but is eschatological (p498). Love is more important than the gifts "because it is the mark not only of eternity, but of the present as well" (p503). Fitzmyer differentiates between the prophet in 14:29 and the one receiving revelation in 14:30 (p526, despite the fact that Paul returns to prophets in vv31-32). The phrase "as in all the churches of the saints" in 14:33b belongs with what precedes it rather than what follows to avoid the repetition with "in the churches" in v34 (p527). The verses in 14:34-36 are not a later addition, despite the best attempts at some scholars to argue so. Rather (surprisingly), vv34-35 are a quotation of the Corinthian church and v36 is Paul's objection (p530).
In chapter 15, Paul "seeks to demonstrate to them that belief in the resurrection of Christ, which he assumes they still hold, and the conduct of a life lived in Christian faith inevitably imply a belief in the resurrection of the dead" (p558). Paul is arguing against those who deny the bodily resurrection of believers (with Hays, Fee, and others) as opposed to him arguing against Corinthians who believed the resurrection had already happened (p559-560). So, "Paul is affirming not only the certainty of Christ's resurrection, but also Christ's resurrection as the guarantee of the futurity and certainty of the resurrection of the dead" (p568). `The analogies (of vv36-41) do not prove the resurrection of the dead, but they provide the first step of a plausible mode of understanding it, and they are drawn from ordinary everyday experience" (p586). The "`spiritual body' must mean a human body as transformed by God through Christ for a new mode of existence, under the influence of Pneuma, `Holy Spirit'" (p596).
There's obviously more than could be said of this commentary. Of interest to probably no one but me, this commentary did not receive the imprimatur of the Catholic church, unlike some of his previous commentaries (including his Romans one, which has been noted to sound more Reformed than Catholic). Was this because of the change in publisher? Was there something in this commentary that caused this? Did he not seek this?
Often times the flow of the Anchor commentaries is tough to follow, coming across as a bunch of disjointed notes on the text. Fitzmyer is better than some others I've read because he takes full advantage of the "comments" section before his notes to summarize the passage. In these sections, he is able to achieve a good balance in interacting with other scholars and giving his own outlook.
For those who are doing detailed work in 1 Corinthians, Fitzmyer will prove to be a strong resource to consult. For the pastor, he may not be as much help as other commentaries, notably Fee, Garland and Hays. The problem is this: there are so many excellent commentaries on 1 Corinthians already. I count Fee, Thiselton and Hays as the best, and Garland is as highly regarded as these by many I trust (but I haven't used it much). And I haven't even mentioned Barrett, Witherington, Blomberg, Collins, Keener, Thiselton's shorter commentary and so on. Oh, and let's not forget the forthcoming commentaries by Rosner/Ciampa, Ellis, Winter... you get the idea. I guess my point is that we don't need more commentaries on 1 Corinthians.
So where does Fitzmyer fit among the fray? This commentary is in the top half of the ones I mentioned. He's different enough from the evangelical offerings to give a different viewpoint, but isn't so different that an evangelical wouldn't benefit from him. As far as comparing this to his other commentaries, I still think his Luke and Philemon commentaries make a stronger contribution to those respective books. Again, you can't really fault Fitzmyer for this, since 1 Corinthians has been one of the most examined letters in the Bible (or probably in the ancient world). Thus, there is little new, but much good in Fitzmyer's commentary on 1 Corinthians and he ought to be commended for another fine work.
4 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
Critical addition to any exegetes library
By Michael L. Russo
Fitzmyer is one of the world's leading scholars of Sacred Scripture and any work that carries his name is guaranteed to be an indepth study using credible references and providing valuable information. First Corinthians provides an excellent overview of Corinth's history and people. The commentary on St. Paul's letter is truly a scholarly work.
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